Nios Class 10th Painting (225) Solved Question Paper in English Medium

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Painting – (225)

Latest Solved Paper – 1

2023-24

Time: 1½ Hours

Maximum Marks: 30

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1. Write a short note on Mauryan Art. 

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Ans- The next important period in Indian history was the time of the Mauryan Dynasty. Which was founded by Chandragupta Maurya. Though he himself is an illustrious figure in Indian history, mainly because of his administration and his minister Kautilya better known as Chanakya, his grandson Ashoka the Great did lots of benevolent works and contributed much to the development of art and architecture was a follower of Buddhism and erected pillars all over the empire to spread the teachings of Lord Buddha. 

2. Describe about any one painting from Ajanta and state its style and technique.

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Ans- The caves of Ajanta are situated near Aurangabad district in Maharastra. The caves are named after the nearby village Ajintha. The caves, including the unfinished one, are thirty in number. Some of the caves served as the Chaityas (worshipping places) and most of them were Viharas (Monasteries) Ajanta paintings were done into phases-first, the Hinayana phase (where Lord Buddha is represented in symbols) and the second, the Mahayana phase (where he is shown in human form). Most of the Ajanta paintings were done in the Vakatka Period, Ajanta paintings occupy a unique position in the history of Indian painting. Ajanta paintings are not done in Fresco. Fresco is a techniques, where colours are mixed with water soluble binders and painted on either dry or wet plaster. But Ajanta paintings artists have used traditional technique of tempera. The themes of Ajanta paintings were primarily religious in nature. 

But at the same time they also gave enough scope to the artists to show their creative and imaginative skills. The best part is that, even being religious paintings, they can be enjoyed by common people. The free flowing line, subtle rhythm of the body contour, the slight tilt of the face and carves of the eyes, all show the mastery of the picture of how beautiful the colours were. There is a lyrical quality in the painting. The softness of the body contour, subtle bending of the neck and the simplicity give an heavenly quality to the painting. The colours used have been very earthy and devoid of any loudness.

3. Where is the Sun Temple of Konark situated? Who built this temple?

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Ans- The Sun Temple of Konark situated in Orissa. Ganga dynasty was built this temple.

4. Trace the development of art after 12th century A.D. in India.

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Ans- After the decline of the powerful ruling daynasties in different parts of India, there were hardly any patrons to support a large scale project of art during 12th Century A.D. except few constructions of temples in Rajasthan, Bengal and Orissa. It was mainly restricted to building forts and Maqbaras by the Muslim rulers who did not patronise sculptural art, but this period enriched Indian art with treasure of illustrated manuscripts. The manuscripts of this period belonged to different religious seets like Hindus, Jains, and Buddhists. The main centers of these illustrated manuscripts (Punthis) were in Bengal,

Gujrat and Bihar. The manuscripts were were made in Bengal and Bihar under the patronage of Pala dynasty and it shows a distinct style called "Pala style". On the other hand Jain religious manuscripts were written and illustrated in Gujrat. These "Punthis" or manuscripts are done on palm leaf. The script are written in beautiful calligraphic art leaving some space for illustration. Temple architecture was also developed in some parts in India in this period. Among these, the nfarble temple complex of Dilwara at Mount Abu and terra cotta temples of Bengal and Orissa are very beautiful. Rajput paintings and Mughal paintings flourished from the 16th Century A.D. to 19th Century AD. The Rajput paintings were combination of folk paintings and Ajanta paintings while paintings were combination of Persian and Rajput painting. After the 18th Century, Indian art started to decline.

 

5. Describe the components of Kanthas.

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Ans. Bengal has a delightful folk tradition of embroidery and quilting known as Kantha. The Kanthas are made of discarded sarees and dhotics.

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